Did the Battle of Redbank bring France into the War of Independence?

Americans generally assume that the surrender of Sir John Burgoyne to General Horatio Gates at Saratoga on 17 October 1777 caused France to openly enter the American War of Independence. The American leadership interpreted the defeat at Saratoga within their military and political needs. Saratoga was of great military importance, an immense morale booster and extensively used for propaganda purposes. But France's decision to join the American rebels came after years of preparation and was by no means monocausal. For King Louis XVI and his Foreign minister, the comte de Vergennes, the American exploitation of the victory for domestic purposes was of little relevance. Their decision to join the Americans was based on where France placed Saratoga within the global political and military context and how it promoted, or hurt, French interests. The American war was waged on the fringes of European civilization, and France was primarily concerned with the impact an American victory, or defeat, would have on the balance of powers in Europe in general and on France in particular. This illustrated talk highlights the French interpretation of the Hessian debacle in the trenches around Fort Redbank and how that interpretation shaped Louis XVI’s decision to openly enter the war.

Robert A. Selig is a historical consultant who received his Ph.D. in history from the Universität Würzburg in Germany in 1988. He is a specialist on the role of French forces under the comte de Rochambeau during the American War of Independence and serves as project historian for the Washington-Rochambeau Revolutionary Route National Historic Trail Project.

Support for the Fall Lecture Series is provided by Friends of Saratoga Battlefield. Reservations are required due to limited space. Email SARA_Reservations@nps.gov to reserve your seat!